![]() ![]() On 18 April 1891, Dreyfus married Lucie Eugénie Hadamard (1870–1945). In 1889, he was made adjutant to the director of the Établissement de Bourges, a government arsenal, and promoted to captain. On graduation he was attached to the first division of the 32nd Cavalry Regiment and promoted to lieutenant in 1885. ![]() From 1880 to 1882, he attended the artillery school at Fontainebleau to receive more specialized training as an artillery officer. His entry into the military was influenced by his experience of seeing Prussian troops enter his hometown in 1871 when he was eleven years old. In 1880, Dreyfus graduated as a sub-lieutenant from the elite École Polytechnique military school in Paris, where he received military training and an education in the sciences. Alfred and his brother were the only children to receive a fully French education. Raphael spoke Yiddish and conducted business affairs in the German language the first language of most of Alfred's elder brothers and sisters was German or one of the Alsatian dialects. The Dreyfus family had long been established in that traditionally German-speaking area. The family moved to Paris from Alsace after the Franco-Prussian War, when in 1871 Alsace-Lorraine was annexed by the German Empire. Raphael Dreyfus was a prosperous, self-made, Jewish textile manufacturer who had started as a peddler. Known today as the Dreyfus Affair, the incident eventually ended with Dreyfus' complete exoneration.īorn in Mulhouse ( Mülhausen) in Alsace, Dreyfus was the youngest of nine children born to Raphael and Jeannette Dreyfus (née Libmann). Cimetière du Montparnasse, Paris ( 48★0′17″N 2☁9′37″E / 48.83806°N 2.32694☎ / 48.83806 2.32694 Coordinates: 48★0′17″N 2☁9′37″E / 48.83806°N 2.32694☎ / 48.83806 2.32694)Īlfred Dreyfus ( French pronunciation: 9 October 1859 – 12 July 1935) was a French artillery officer of Jewish background whose trial and conviction in 1894 on charges of treason became one of the most tense political dramas in modern French and European history. ![]()
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